In this project the amount of nicotine content of various popular brands of the imported and domestic cigarettes available in the Iranian market was investigated.įour pack of each brand of cigarette was chosen randomly and one cigarette from each pack was taken to test. Since nicotine is the major compound in cigarettes and it is highly toxic, knowing the amount of nicotine content in cigarettes can be valuable information for the people smoking cigarettes. 17 On the other hand, measuring the total amount of nicotine that exists in the cigarette is called “nicotine content”. 16, 17 The “nicotine yield” is determined by a smoking machine a syringe which draws 32 ml puffs each minute unit the total length of a cigarette is burned. However, the nicotine level rating on the cigarette label (12 mg tar and 1 mg nicotine in a low-yield cigarette) is not the same as the total amount of nicotine present in the cigarette. Most of the imported cigarettes have labeled with the nicotine yields and many consumers are highly motivated to select cigarettes with lower nicotine yields for their health benefits.
Therefore, it seems important to measure the amount of nicotine in different kinds of cigarettes which is generally used by the people in this country. 10- 15 There are many brands of cigarette (domestic and imported) available in Iranian market. People who smoke have more chronic illnesses, including emphysema and bronchitis, cardiovascular disease, cancer, bronchopulmonary disease, etc. Major symptoms of nicotine poisoning are sweating, vomiting, mental confusion, diminished pulse rate and breathing difficulty. It is colorless, highly volatile alkaloid. It is an alkaloid present in the leaves of Nicotiana tabacom.
Nicotine is the major active molecule in cigarette smoke. 3- 7 It has been reported that to date, more than 3000 chemicals have been isolated from tobacco which more than 1000 of these chemical constituents present in unburnt. However the world cigarette production has increased about four times during the last 50 years. While the cigarette consumption has been increased in most of the developing countries, the past 25 years has been marked by a steady decline in cigarette consumption in some developed countries. 1, 2 There are approximately 1.25 billion smokers in the world representing about a third of the adult global population 800 million of these people live in developing countries. Tobacco use contributes in 10 global deaths and is the second major cause of mortality in the world. Also, while The Flintstones were considered family-friendly characters, the show was originally targeted toward an adult audience (but it was still appropriate for kids), so it may come off to some people that family-friendly characters are smoking.Using tobacco is one of the leading preventable causes of disease and premature death worldwide.
By the third season, however, the show's ads became more oriented towards children and Winston was replaced by Welch's after their daughter Pebbles Flintstone was born in 1963.Īside from cigarette commercials being banned since 1971 (which already made this outdated), nowadays seeing familiar characters lighting up could confuse and surprise newcomers. In the commercials, the series' characters Fred Flintstone and Barney Rubble were seen promoting Winston, and every episode of the first and second seasons ended with Fred lighting a Winston for his wife Wilma while singing the product's jingle. In 1960, Winston was one of the original sponsors of the original series, The Flintstones up until 1962. Winston is an American brand of cigarettes and a sponsor that featured characters from The Flintstones during it's original run.
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